North Carolina law mandates that sellers of residential real estate provide prospective buyers with a standardized form disclosing the condition of the property. This form covers a wide range of material facts, including known defects related to structural components, systems (such as plumbing, electrical, and HVAC), environmental concerns, and other relevant information. For instance, a seller must disclose a leaky roof, a history of termite infestations, or the presence of radon. This mandated transparency allows potential buyers to make informed decisions based on a clear understanding of the property’s condition.
This required exchange of information protects both buyers and sellers. Buyers are empowered to negotiate repairs or adjustments to the purchase price, or even decline to proceed with the transaction, based on the disclosed information. For sellers, full disclosure minimizes the risk of future legal disputes arising from undisclosed defects. Historically, this legal framework evolved to address the inherent information asymmetry in real estate transactions, promoting fairness and reducing potential conflicts.