In New Mexico, most assets acquired during marriage are considered jointly owned. This principle of shared ownership applies to earnings, real estate purchases, and other acquisitions made from the date of marriage until separation or divorce. Separate property typically includes assets owned before the marriage, inheritances, and gifts received by one spouse. For example, if one spouse buys a car during the marriage using income earned from their job, that vehicle is generally considered community property and subject to equal division upon divorce.
This system of marital property ownership provides financial security for both spouses during the marriage and ensures equitable distribution of assets upon dissolution. It recognizes the contributions of both partners to the marital estate, regardless of whether their contributions were financial or through domestic work. Historically, this legal framework has roots in Spanish and Mexican law, which influenced New Mexico’s legal traditions. Understanding these principles is essential for individuals entering into marriage or considering divorce in New Mexico.